Participatory Leadership among Agricultural Extension Workers: A Mixed-Method Case Study of Farmer Training Program Implementation within Research, Development, and Extension (RDE) Systems in Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines
Scepter John Elona
Received: 23 March 2026; Revised: 08 May 2026; Accepted: 13 May 2026; Published: 15 May 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.66074/ENG77T99Y0
Abstract
This study investigates the role of participatory leadership in enhancing the effectiveness of agricultural extension programs in Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines. Agricultural extension workers (AEWs) serve as crucial facilitators of agricultural knowledge transfer, yet their effectiveness often depends on the level of collaboration and leadership they exhibit. The study employed a mixed-methods design, combining qualitative case studies and quantitative analysis, to explore how AEWs engage with farmers and the challenges faced in implementing training programs. Data were collected from 100 AEWs and 50 farmers through surveys and interviews. The results revealed a moderate positive correlation (R = 0.65, p = 0.001) between participatory leadership and program success, indicating that higher levels of farmer engagement, collaborative decision-making, and open communication are associated with more effective training programs. Despite this, challenges such as limited resources, time constraints, and inconsistent farmer participation hindered the complete success of the programs. AEWs who practiced participatory leadership fostered a stronger sense of ownership among farmers, leading to greater adoption of new agricultural practices. However, the study also highlighted the need for enhanced institutional support and better resource allocation to overcome existing barriers. Overall, the study underscores the importance of participatory leadership in promoting sustainable agricultural development and improving the outcomes of extension programs, particularly in rural areas. It is recommended that future efforts focus on addressing logistical challenges and increasing resources for AEWs to ensure the long-term success and sustainability of these programs.
Keywords: agricultural extension workers, farmer engagement, participatory leadership, program effectiveness, Zamboanga Sibugay
Author Information: J.H. Cerilles State College, Pagadian City, Philippines; [email protected]
Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2026