Language Exposure and Willingness to Communicate in English among Grade 10 Students in Public Secondary Schools
Elizabeth Jardin, Josephine Baguio
Received: 05 January 2026; Revised: 15 February 2026; Accepted: 19 February 2026; Published: 22 February 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.66074/FR65DE43
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between language exposure and willingness to communicate (WTC) among Grade 10 students in public secondary schools in Paquibato District, Davao City. A descriptive correlational design surveyed 132 learners through a language exposure questionnaire across home, friends, school, and media contexts and a WTC scale across communicative self-confidence, situational context of L2 use, topical enticement, learning responsibility, and off instruction communication. Language exposure was extensive overall, with the highest exposure at school and through media. WTC was also extensive. Correlation showed a moderate positive relationship between exposure and WTC. Multiple regression showed that exposure domains jointly predicted WTC. Results support school and media strategies that expand English contact and strengthen readiness to speak.
Keywords: communication, exposure, Philippines, secondary, willingness
Author Information: Graduate School, Rizal Memorial Colleges, Inc., Davao, Philippines; josephinebbaguio@outlook.com
Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2026