Poultry Systems: A Systematic Review on IoT, Artificial Intelligence, and Multimodal Technologies for Precision Poultry Farming
Jopeth Cahanap, Lyn Abalde, Divilyn Sambulan, Ramil Entana Jr.
Received: 25 May 2026; Revised: 05 July 2026; Accepted: 20 July 2026; Published: 23 July 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.66074/J5Y9M4Z2
Abstract
The global poultry industry faces increasing pressure to improve production efficiency, reduce environmental impacts, and meet stricter animal welfare standards. Conventional manual monitoring methods are increasingly inadequate for addressing the complexities of large-scale commercial poultry production. This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on the effectiveness of smart technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), computer vision, acoustic monitoring, and robotics, in advancing precision poultry farming. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 39 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2026 were systematically identified, screened, and analyzed using thematic synthesis across five major technological domains. The geographical distribution of research revealed a strong concentration of studies in Asia, highlighting the region’s leading role in the development and implementation of smart poultry farming technologies, while also indicating the need for broader geographic representation in future research. Findings revealed that IoT-based environmental monitoring is the most mature technology, with reported accuracies ranging from 93.7% to over 99%. AI-driven disease detection has also advanced rapidly, with YOLO-based models achieving 0.964 precision and more than 90% mean average precision. Acoustic monitoring systems, such as SmartEars, outperformed human veterinary experts under real farm noise conditions, achieving 96.03% accuracy compared with 85–93%. In contrast, robotics and big data integration remain largely in prototype and early-development stages. Despite substantial progress, major barriers to large-scale adoption persist, including limited long-term field validation, inadequate inclusion of smallholder systems, lack of standardized datasets, weak multimodal data integration, and insufficient ethical oversight. Overall, smart poultry technologies demonstrate strong potential to improve precision management, productivity, and animal welfare. Future research should prioritize commercial-scale validation, inclusive technology design, standardized datasets, stronger multimodal integration, and robust ethical and regulatory frameworks to support sustainable adoption in modern poultry systems.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, multimodal technologies, precision livestock farming, smart poultry farming
Author Information: Mindanao State University-Zamboanga Sibugay, Philippines; ramiljr.entana@msubuug.edu.ph
Volume 2, Issue 3, September 2026